his laboratory manual provides detailed technical materials covering a closely coordinated programme of experiments. It fills the need for basic training in the complex field of the industrial instrumentation to produce a technician tailored to cater to the industry's needs. The aim of this book is to present preliminary to advanced level experiments with application orientation on vacuum tubes, semiconductors, transistors, FETS and thyristors in a systematic, lucid and illustrative way. With a view to provide a deeper understanding of the subject, a good number of oral questions with answers and exercises have also been included.