This book describes not only the theory of assessment and evaluation but also how best to put that theory into practice by the classroom teachers. Keeping in view the emergent emphasis on holistic development vis-à-vis assessment of learners', the book provided the practical guidelines to make learners' assessment more flexible, competency based, continuous, comprehensive, cooperative and participative. Growth oriented model is suggested for internal assessment. For effective implementation strategy of this model it was considered necessary to take cognizance of historical perspective of earlier attempts made, understand contemporary concepts in evaluation, philosophy underlying, intended objectives and conceptual map of school based assessment keeping in view the international scenario. Besides discussion of the usable tools and techniques of evaluation during formative and summative evaluation, for improving the measurement value of assessment emphasis on improving pedagogical value is given for improving learners' performance for which role of action research and other support services are recommended. Institutional Self-evaluation to improve the learning environments and crucial emerging issues are highlighted.