Theoretical knowledge, long serving field experience in remote and ecological fragile areas, a continuous study of environmental literature, effort to come to an understanding of environment security by way of participation in various debates, and fieldwork specific to study ecology has helped shape this book. The book gives an overview of the Ecological Task Forces and institutions of the army. The Thar desert, Kumaon hills, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and the Northesast have been used as case studies. The aim of this work has been to study and assess the activities being undertaken by the military in ecological conservation. In doing so, fresh insights and perspectives are formed on issues not only of environment but also how people relate their lives to nature in a rapidly urbanising and industrialising India. In the light of the findings of this research, policy measures on some environmental issues have also been suggested which include new role of the military and military to military cooperation.